“Triangle Flange Bearing” by the inner ring (inner ring), outer ring (outer ring), rolling body (to do rolling motion), cage (play a role in positioning, to ensure that the rolling body correctly rotated) composition. Rolling body is divided into “ball” and “roller”.
“Ball” to point force, suitable for high-speed rotation.
“Roller” is a line force, so it is often used in the occasions that need to bear heavy loads.
“There are many types of rollers, such as cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers, needle rollers, and so on. Why are there so many types of rollers? This is due to the fact that “bearings” are used in different places, and the forces they should withstand and the functions they need to have are not the same.
First, let’s take a look at the inner and outer rings!
At first, we cut the iron bar according to the size of the “triangle flange bearing”, heat it at high temperature, and press it with a stamping press to make the prototype of the inner ring and outer ring (forging). Then, the prototype is cut to the approximate shape and size (turning). At this time, the running channel of the ball is also made. After molding, the ball is heated and then cooled (heat treatment) to make it durable. In order to minimize friction during operation, the surfaces must be polished and made smooth (grinding, finishing). Finally, the components are assembled (assembly).
The “triangle flange bearing” that are active in construction machinery that transports hundreds of tons of weight, in machine tools that rotate hundreds of thousands of times a minute, and in jet engines that can reach temperatures of more than 300 degrees Celsius, must be both strong and durable. How do you make them both strong and durable? The secret is heat treatment.
“After the inner ring, outer ring, and rolling element (ball) are molded, they are heated to over 800 degrees and then cooled (quenched) with oil. Since the temperature of oil decreases more slowly than that of water, if it is cooled at once, the cooled material may be bent. Moreover, oil is environmentally friendly as it can be used repeatedly. Then, it is heated to about 180 degrees and cooled again (tempered). After being heated and cooled at a high temperature, the metal becomes strong and suitable for bearing production.
Heat treatment is a very important technology in the manufacture of triangle flange bearings. It is thanks to heat treatment that bearings are able to function properly under high temperatures and heavy pressure for long periods of time in various machines.
Ball bearings are able to rotate smoothly because the rolling elements (hereinafter referred to as balls) rotate and move between the inner and outer rings.
Then let’s learn about one of the important parts that make up a bearing – the retainer.
Cages keep rolling bodies such as balls and rollers at the same interval from the inner or outer ring, preventing them from falling off, and also preventing friction from becoming greater due to collisions between rolling bodies, helping them to rotate smoothly. Next, let’s introduce several types of cages. Stamped cages” are small and are used in bearings that are subjected to small forces.
Turned cages” are made from iron or brass blocks that are machined into strong cages, and are used in large triangle flange bearings that are subjected to large forces. Resin cages, made by pouring resin into molds, are used for high-speed rotations and for reducing rotational noise. As mentioned above, cages are available in a wide variety of materials and forms, and are used according to different applications and conditions, such as speed, vibration, shock, and temperature.
Let’s discuss the production of balls, which play a very important role in the operation of “triangle flange bearing”.
The material is a slender coil of iron known as wire. This material is cut into small sections by machine, and each section is pressed into a shape close to that of a ball (die forging) by using a hemispherical mold and applying pressure from both sides. Afterwards, the excess (burr) in the casting is removed (die forging burr) by clamping and turning vigorously two iron discs with grooves. This completes the basic spherical shape. Next, there is heat treatment. The rounded ball is heated and cooled to make it strong.
At the end of the heat treatment, the ball is blackened and clamped to a grooved metal plate and a whetstone for further rotation and rough grinding. In order to make the ball round and smooth, it is necessary to change the type of whetstone for fine grinding. Finally, the ball is polished like a mirror by the “fine grinding” process. The round and bright balls are washed and carefully inspected one by one before they are finished. The surface of the ball has almost no bumps or dents, and its diameter can be measured with a very small error (1 part in 10,000 millimeters) from anywhere. The ball of the bearing can be called on this earth is quite close to the shape of the ball.
The quality of the balls is very important in order for the triangle flange bearing to rotate smoothly and quietly.
Depending on the shape, rolling elements are categorized as balls and rollers. We have tried to replace balls and rollers with glass beads and round pencils, respectively, and placed them on a table and observed that the balls have only a “one-point” contact, while the pencils have a line contact from one end to the other. Therefore, there is a clear difference between a ball and a roller, with the ball making point contact and the roller making line contact.
Finally, it’s time for the assembly session.
After the ring is machined into a wavy shape, it is eventually machined into a hemispherical shape in order to further clamp the balls. The cage plays a very important role in supporting the balls at the same intervals. The assembly of the four parts – inner ring, outer ring, ball and cage – begins when they are ready. On the automatic production line, the grooves of the inner and outer rings are measured in sub-micron (1 part per 10,000 millimeters) units, and the balls that meet the dimensional requirements are automatically selected for assembly. Next, the upper and lower cages are securely fastened with an automatic press, and the assembly is completed! The assembled “triangle flange bearings” are cleaned, checked for scars and noises when rotating, and then treated with anti-rust treatment, and the job is done.
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